智能汽车专业校企合作模式及人才培养方式的探究

智能汽车已经成为未来汽车领域的发展方向,且高校逐渐与企业合作,建立智能汽车人才培养模式。但是现阶段,校企合作深度以及人才培养方式仍然存在一定的不足,不利于为智能汽车领域输送更多的人才。基于此,本文主要探究智能汽车专业校企合作模式以及人才培养模式,详细阐述智能汽车专业校企合作模式及人才培养模式中存在的问题,进而提出针对性的建议。     

广州地铁某型车转向架轴箱进水原因分析及解决措施

转向架轴箱轴承作为列车传动系统中的重要部件,其运行状态直接影响列车的运行安全。介绍了广州地铁某型车转向架轴箱轴承及接地装置多次出现进水导致轴承失效的情况,并深入分析得出轴箱进水的两个原因:轴箱端盖部件倒角尺寸异常,进口和国产的轴箱、接地装置间存在尺寸差异。提出了对轴箱端盖进行普查、更换、统型等解决措施。     

燃料电池氢喷射器控制技术研究

为满足燃料电池功率需求,实现氢气侧压力平滑控制,提出了一种氢喷射器控制方案。通过周期性控制喷嘴数和peak-hold时间占空比,并采用了调节量屏蔽方法,以提高压力输出调节能力。建立实验系统,写入软件进行控制实验,表明了该方法的可行性。     

ROV attitude control based on multi-motor cooperative propulsion北大核心CSCD

[目的]为了提高遥控水下航行器(ROV)在复杂水下环境中的姿态控制性能,开展多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制研究。[方法]首先,针对多电机系统的结构和算法,分别提出一种基于PID速度补偿器的偏差耦合结构和一种新型非奇异终端滑模控制(SMC)算法,并设计一种新颖的基于多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制方法;然后,建立ROV的运动学和动力学模型,开展推进器组推力建模分析、解耦简化ROV动力学模型研究;最后,设计一种ROV滑模姿态控制器。[结果]仿真结果表明,所提的结构和算法可提高多电机系统的抗干扰性、同步性和快速响应能力,进而提高ROV姿态控制系统的稳定性与鲁棒性。[结论]所提方法可为ROV姿态控制提供一种新的可用方案。     

京杭运河穿黄及黄河北航道走向探析

近年来,京杭运河黄河以北段复航呼声越来越高,京杭运河穿黄及黄河北山东段走向成为目前需要迫切解决的问题。本文通过对东平湖周边防洪工程现状分析,提出了穿黄位置、穿黄方案及穿黄线路走向;根据黄河北河系水网布置,提出了京杭运河黄河北山东段航道初步走向,为京杭运河黄河以北段复航工程提供技术参考。     

江户时期东渡日本的唐人及其对日本的文化影响——以唐馆为中心

江户时期东渡赴日的唐人以从事贸易活动的唐船商人为主体,他们以唐馆为活动中心,在日本社会通过日常生活和节庆习俗进行着潜移默化的中国文化传播。同时还有为数众多随唐商船同来的高僧、儒士、画家、医者等,以及具有商贸和文化交往双重身份的唐商人,他们通过更广泛的与日本人接触的机会将对日本的文化影响发挥得淋漓尽致。透过对江户时期东渡日本的唐人构成及其在唐馆内外所从事的文化活动的梳理,更可见以人和空间为载体的中国文化对日本文化的影响。     

长江大保护战略下河口滩涂的保护对策研究

针对长江来沙持续减少引起河口滩涂侵蚀日益严峻的现象,提出长江口滩涂保护的重要性;并以九段沙、横沙东滩为研究典型,探讨分析不同定位滩涂宜采取的不同保护对策。结论如下:对于生态保护区滩涂,宜通过改变外围环境实施滩涂保护、促进滩面缓慢淤涨;对于非生态保护区滩涂,可采取积极主动的护滩措施,且可通过工程有目的地培育高-中-低滩有序分布的滩涂基底,在实现滩涂资源稳定的基础上提升滩涂生态品质,增强滩涂区域功能,积极响应长江大保护战略。     

Economic and ecological optimization of electric bus charging considering variable electricity prices and CO2eq intensities

In many cities, diesel buses are being replaced by electric buses with the aim of reducing local emissions and thus improving air quality. The protection of the environment and the health of the population is the highest priority of our society. For the transport companies that operate these buses, not only ecological issues but also economic issues are of great importance. Due to the high purchase costs of electric buses compared to conventional buses, operators are forced to use electric vehicles in a targeted manner in order to ensure amortization over the service life of the vehicles. A compromise between ecology and economy must be found in order to both protect the environment and ensure economical operation of the buses.In this study, we present a new methodology for optimizing the vehicles’ charging time as a function of the parameters CO_2eq emissions and electricity costs. Based on recorded driving profiles in daily bus operation, the energy demands of conventional and electric buses are calculated for the passenger transportation in the city of Aachen in 2017. Different charging scenarios are defined to analyze the influence of the temporal variability of CO_2eq intensity and electricity price on the environmental impact and economy of the bus. For every individual day of a year, charging periods with the lowest and highest costs and emissions are identified and recommendations for daily bus operation are made. To enable both the ecological and economical operation of the bus, the parameters of electricity price and CO₂ are weighted differently, and several charging periods are proposed, taking into account the priorities previously set. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the influence of selected parameters and to derive recommendations for improving the ecological and economic balance of the battery-powered electric vehicle.In all scenarios, the optimization of the charging period results in energy cost savings of a maximum of 13.6% compared to charging at a fixed electricity price. The savings potential of CO_2eq emissions is similar, at 14.9%. From an economic point of view, charging between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. results in the lowest energy costs on average. The CO_2eq intensity is also low in this period, but midday charging leads to the largest savings in CO_2eq emissions. From a life cycle perspective, the electric bus is not economically competitive with the conventional bus. However, from an ecological point of view, the electric bus saves on average 37.5% CO_2eq emissions over its service life compared to the diesel bus. The reduction potential is maximized if the electric vehicle exclusively consumes electricity from solar and wind power.     

考虑高铁客运产品间交叉弹性的动态票价策略

将由特定高铁列车所提供的起讫点间的旅客运输服务定义为单个高铁客运产品。随着高速铁路越来越"公交化",同一起讫点间客运产品间的可替代性越来越强,票价的调整有了更精细化的要求。用经济学中的交叉弹性理论描述客运产品间的可替代程度,用指数需求函数描述客运产品的需求与票价的关系,构建并求解高铁动态票价优化模型,对客运产品间不同可替代程度下的最优动态票价策略进行研究。结果显示:高铁客运产品间的可替代性会影响票价策略的选择,且客运产品间可替代程度的增加是否有利于客票收益的提高与可行折扣票价集合的选取有关。     

面向新型混合交通流的智能交叉口网络布局优化

考虑网联自动驾驶车辆(Connected Autonomous Vehicle, CAV)应用先进的车联网与自动驾驶技术，可以采用智能交叉口的组织形式，大幅提升交叉口的通行效率，为降低CAV与人工驾驶车辆(Human-driven Vehicle, HV)混行条件下城市交通系统的整体出行成本，提出智能交叉口在城 市交通网络中的布局优化问题，建立数学优化模型并求解。首先，基于对两类车辆行驶特性的分析，建立混合用户均衡模型，描述CAV与HV的路径选择行为；其次，从交通规划者的角度，以系统最优为目标，整合混合用户均衡模型，建立面向新型混合交通流的智能交叉口网络布局优化模型，并利用改进的遗传算法求解；最后，选取Sioux-Falls交通网络作为案例分析，验证模型与算法的有效性，并研究CAV渗透率变化对优化结果的影响。研究表明，智能交叉口在城市路网中的合理规划极大地提高了新型混行场景下城市交通系统的出行效率，同时，大幅降低了由于网联自动 驾驶单方面技术优势带来的CAV与HV的出行效率差距，增进了出行公平性。